Letters in Korean have associated sounds. You already have the skill of reading. You know that Hangeul letters make sounds.
Just like in Korean, English letters make sounds. Also just like in Korean, English has two kinds of letters: vowels and consonants.
Do you know the difference between vowels and consonants, the reason that vowels are vowels and consonants are consonants?
Vowels are made in your throat, and consonants are made in your mouth. Put your hand around your throat and make a vowel sound. You can feel the sound in your throat. Now make a consonant sound. Your throat doesn't make the sound.
Since you already have the skill of reading in Korean, you can learn how to read quickly in English. All you have to do is map the English letters to the sounds that those letters make, just like you do in Hangeul.
English is a little bit more difficult to read phonetically than Hangeul is because English grew over centuries and has many influences. Hangeul was designed.
In English, vowels can make long vowel sounds and short vowel sounds (and some other vowel sounds).
I learned to read Hangeul in just a few hours by teaching myself. I learned by mapping the different Hangeul letters' sounds to English letters' sounds.
영어 읽을 수 있나요?
한국어 글자에는 각각 소리가 있습니다. 당신은 이미 읽는 능력을 가지고 있죠. 한글 글자가 소리를 낸다는 것을 알고 있습니다.
한국어처럼 영어 글자도 소리를 냅니다. 그리고 한국어처럼 영어에도 모음과 자음, 두 종류의 글자가 있습니다.
모음과 자음의 차이점, 즉 모음이 모음이고 자음이 자음인 이유를 알고 있나요?
모음은 목구멍에서, 자음은 입에서 만들어집니다. 손으로 목을 감싸고 모음 소리를 내 보세요. 목구멍에서 소리가 느껴질 겁니다. 이제 자음 소리를 내 보세요. 목구멍에서는 소리가 나지 않죠.
이미 한국어를 읽을 수 있으니 영어도 빠르게 읽을 수 있을 거예요. 한글에서처럼 영어 글자와 그 글자가 내는 소리를 연결하기만 하면 됩니다.
영어는 한글보다 음운적으로 읽기가 조금 더 어렵습니다. 영어가 수세기에 걸쳐 발전해 왔고 여러 언어의 영향을 받았기 때문입니다. 한글은 의도적으로 만들어진 언어입니다.
영어에서는 모음이 장모음과 단모음(그리고 다른 모음 소리들도)을 낼 수 있습니다.
저는 독학으로 단 몇 시간 만에 한글을 읽는 법을 배웠습니다. 한글 글자의 소리를 영어 알파벳 소리에 대응시키는 방식으로 익혔습니다.
Do you know the sounds the English letters make?
Do you know how to spell words in English?
How do you spell _____?
I'm going to make a vowel sound. You tell me what sound I'm making.
What are the vowels in English? Aa, Ee, Ii, Oo, Uu
Long vowels say their names, so A-E-I-O-U say their names.
Short vowels make different sounds: a - hat, cat, map, happy, fan, can, lamb, car
e - bet, set, net, hen, ten, send, bend, hen, web
i - hit, sit, sin, tin, mittens, kittens, it, lip, blip
o - hot, rot, cob, blog, glove, love
u - up, cup, supper, cut, upper, buffer
You can ask me easy Korean words to spell in Korean, and I'll ask you easy English words to spell in English.
영어 알파벳 소리를 아시나요?
영어 단어 철자는 아시나요?
_____는 어떻게 철자를 쓰나요?
제가 모음 소리를 낼게요. 제가 내는 소리가 무엇인지 맞춰 보세요.
영어 모음은 무엇인가요? 아, 이, 이, 우, 우
장모음은 각각 이름을 발음해요. 그러니까 A-E-I-O-U는 각각 이름을 발음하는 거예요.
짧은 모음은 각각 다른 소리를 냅니다.
a - hat, cat, map, happy, fan, can, lamb, car
e - bet, set, net, hen, ten, send, bend, hen, web
i - hit, sit, sin, tin, mittens, kittens, it, lip, blip
The earth we live on is crying because it hurts. We’ve polluted the environment too much. Seeing the earth hurt, I’m really sorry, and my heart aches. 지금 우리가 사는 지구가 아파서 울고있어요. 우리가 환경을 너무 많이 오염시켰기 때문이래요. 아파하는 지구를 보니 정말 미안하고 제 마음도 아파요.
What can I do to stop the Earth from hurting anymore? 더이상 지구가 아프지 않게 하려면 어떻게 해야할까요?
I’ve been thinking about what I can do easily at home. 제가 집에서 쉽게할수 있는 방법이 무엇인지 생각해봤어요.
First, even if there are many things I want to buy, I can reduce garbage by buying only what I need. 첫번째로 사고싶은게 많아도 참고 필요한것만 사면 쓰레기를 줄일수 있어요.
Second, if I separate my recyclables for the stuff I do buy, I can reduce waste. 또 분리수거를 잘하면 재활용을 할수 있어서 쓰레기를 줄일수 있어요. 두 번째로 분리수거하는 방법은 학교에서 배웠기에 잘할 자신 있어요.
Third, even if it’s hot in summer, I can save electricity by using a hand fan instead of an electric fan or air conditioner. 세 번째로 여름에 많이 더워도 선풍기, 에어컨 대신에 부채를 사용하면 전기를 절약할수 있어요.
Using a hand fan might hurt my arm, but I can endure pain for the planet. 번째로 여름에 많이 더워도 선풍기, 에어컨 대신에 부채를 사용하면 전기를 절약할수 있어요. 부채를 사용하면 팔이 많이 아프겠지만 지구를 위해 참을수 있어요.
Fourth, when I brush my teeth or wash my face, I can save water by not leaving the water running. 네 번째로 양치질이나 세수할때 물을 틀어놓지 않고 받아서 사용하면 물을 절약할수 있어요.
Finally, even if I have side dishes that I don’t like, I can reduce food waste by taking only what I eat. Then I will be healthy with the Earth. 마지막으로 제가 싫어하는 반찬이 있어도 남기지 않고 골고루 먹으면 음식물 쓰레기를 줄일수 있어요. 그러면 지구와 함께 저도 건강해져요.
I can protect the environment in such simple ways, but I’m sorry I haven’t practiced them so far. 이렇게 간단한 방법으로 환경을 보호할수 있는데 그동안 잘 실천하지 않아서 지구한테 미안해요.
These are things I can do. What can you do?
If we live environmentally friendly together, not alone, the earth will heal faster. In the future, let’s all do our best so that the Earth does not cry and keeps smiling. 저혼자가 아닌 모두 함께 실천하면 더 빨리 지구가 나을수 있을거에요. 앞으로 지구가 울지 않고 항상 웃을수 있게 우리 모두 노력합시다.
Ying~Ying~Ying~ Can you hear it? That’s the sound of the earth crying.
Recently, I saw in a TV commercial that polar bears in the arctic are in danger of losing their homes because of melting ice due to global warming caused by environmental pollution.
The development of various resources has made our lives more convenient, but the earth is hurting so much that I want to do what I can to protect the environment. I’ve decided to take personal action with my family.
First, we will reduce the use of plastic bags and use shopping carts. I’ve read that plastics take from 20 years to 100 years to completely decompose. So I will definitely bring my shopping cart when I go to buy sweets.
Second, with our love for the earth, we will thoroughly separate our trash before collection. We will also remove the labels from plastic bottles and reuse the recyclable items.
Third, we will reduce the use of disposable products. I will drink water in a tumbler and refrain from using straws.
Fourth, I will save water. I will use a cup when brushing my teeth and reduce the use of soaps and shampoos while taking showers. I will save water by taking showers for 5 minutes.
Lastly, I will love and protect the trees that keep our air clean. I will do my best so that our Earth smiles brightly. I hope that you do your best too.
There once was a very small and cute fish named Bung Bung living in my house. This is Bung-Bung, not Bong-Bong.
When I was 7 years old, my first pet was a fish I had brought from a market. I woke up every morning and started the day by first saying “hello, Bung Bung!”
After going to school and playing at the playground and when I came back home, I always checked Bung Bung first thing. Bung Bung was the smallest being I kept in my house.
When she saw me, she shouted and greeted me. Probably because I gave her a lot of food, Bung Bung seemed to like me too. When I was with Bung Bung, I was comforted by animals for the first time, and I felt like we were friends.
Then one day in March, I was trying to say hello to Bung Bung. But after preparing food, Bung Bung was having a hard time swimming to it. I said “Bung-Bung-ah, go for it… Bung-Bung-ah” several times. The next day Bung-Bung barely moved at all.
Eventually, Bung-Bung left me. I was so sad as I remembered the times we had together. I said goodbye to my sister and buried her in front of our house.
Now, I miss a lot about our days together. But in my mind, I think Bung-Bung is always with me. I think Bung Bung is watching from the sky even now. Are you looking at me? I miss you so much today!
Form the comparative and superlative forms of a one-syllable adjective by adding –er for the comparative form and –est for the superlative.
One-Syllable Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
tall
taller
tallest
old
older
oldest
long
longer
longest
Mary is tallerthan Max.
Mary is the tallestof all the students.
Max is olderthan John.
Of the three students, Max is the oldest.
My hair is longerthan your hair.
Max’s story is the longeststory I’ve ever heard.
Two-syllable adjectives.
With most two-syllable adjectives, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Two-Syllable Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
peaceful
more peaceful
most peaceful
pleasant
more pleasant
most pleasant
careful
more careful
most careful
thoughtful
more thoughtful
most thoughtful
This morning is more peacefulthan yesterday morning.
Max’s house in the mountains is the most peacefulin the world.
Max is more carefulthan Mike.
Of all the taxi drivers, Jack is the most careful.
Jill is more thoughtfulthan your sister.
Mary is the most thoughtfulperson I’ve ever met.
If the two-syllable adjectives ends with –y, change the y to i and add –er for the comparative form. For the superlative form change the y to i and add –est.
Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -y
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
happy
happier
happiest
angry
angrier
angriest
busy
busier
busiest
John is happier today than he was yesterday.
John is the happiest boy in the world.
Max is angrierthan Mary.
Of all of John’s victims, Max is the angriest.
Mary is busierthan Max.
Mary is the busiestperson I’ve ever met.
Exceptions.
Irregular adjectives.
Irregular Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
good
better
best
bad
worse
worst
far
farther
farthest
little
less
least
many
more
most
Italian food is betterthan American food.
My dog is the best dog in the world.
My mother’s cooking is worsethan your mother’s cooking.
Of all the students in the class, Max is the worst.
(For Written English Only)
The following only matter in writing and you need not concern yourselves with them for speaking.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with an e, just add –r for the comparative form and –st for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective with Final -e
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
large
larger
largest
wise
wiser
wisest
Mary’s car is largerthan Max’s car.
Mary’s house is the largestof all the houses on the block.
Max is wiserthan his brother.
Max is the wisestperson I know.
If the one-syllable adjective ends with a single consonant with a vowel before it, double the consonant and add –er for the comparative form; and double the consonant and add –est for the superlative form.
One-Syllable Adjective Ending with a Single Consonant with a Single Vowel before It
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
big
bigger
biggest
thin
thinner
thinnest
fat
fatter
fattest
My dog is biggerthan your dog.
My dog is the biggestof all the dogs in the neighborhood.
Max is thinnerthan John.
Of all the students in the class, Max is the thinnest.
My mother is fatterthan your mother.
Mary is the fattestperson I’ve ever seen.
Two-syllable adjectives that follow two rules. These adjectives can be used with -er and -est and with more and most.
Two-Syllable Adjective
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
clever
cleverer
cleverest
clever
more clever
most clever
gentle
gentler
gentlest
gentle
more gentle
most gentle
friendly
friendlier
friendliest
friendly
more friendly
most friendly
quiet
quieter
quietest
quiet
more quiet
most quiet
simple
simpler
simplest
simple
more simple
most simple
Big dogs are gentlerthan small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.
Big dogs are more gentlethan small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the most gentle.
Two-syllable adjectives ending in –er, -le, or –ow take –er and –est to form the comparative and superlative forms. (Technically, this is true as a rule, but using the ‘more’ and ‘most’ forms do not hurt my ears; therefore and especially for speaking, the general rule is ok.)
Two-Syllable Adjective Ending with -er, -le, or -ow
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
narrow
narrower
narrowest
gentle
gentler
gentlest
The roads in this town are narrowerthan the roads in the city.
This road is the narrowestof all the roads in California.
Big dogs are gentlerthan small dogs.
Of all the dogs in the world, English Mastiffs are the gentlest.
Adjectives with three or more syllables.
For adjectives with three syllables or more, you form the comparative with more and the superlative with most.
Adjective with Three or More Syllables
Comparative Form
Superlative Form
generous
more generous
most generous
important
more important
most important
intelligent
more intelligent
most intelligent
John is more generousthan Jack.
John is the most generousof all the people I know.
Health is more importantthan money.
Of all the people I know, Max is the most important.
Let It Go is a great song. Unlike other songs that are or were more popular in their time, Let It Go will be sung and enjoyed years from now and has become part of American, perhaps even world, culture.
For those of you who want to teach your children English and enjoy a shared experience with your children, Let It Go can be sung and loved by and at all ages.
Music and lyrics by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez
The snow glows white on the mountain tonight Not a footprint to be seen A kingdom of isolation and it looks like I’m the queen The wind is howling like this swirling storm inside Couldn’t keep it in, heaven knows I tried
Don’t let them in, don’t let them see Be the good girl you always have to be Conceal, don’t feel, don’t let them know Well now they know
Let it go, let it go Can’t hold it back anymore Let it go, let it go Turn away and slam the door
I don’t care what they’re going to say Let the storm rage on The cold never bothered me anyway.
It’s funny how some distance Makes everything seems small And the fears that once controlled me Can’t get to me at all
It’s time to see what I can do To test the limits and break through No right, no wrong, no rules for me, I’m free
Let it go, let it go I am one with the wind and sky Let it go, let it go,
You’ll never see me cry Here I stand and Here I’ll stay Let the storm rage on…
My power flurries through the air into the ground My soul is spiraling in frozen fractals all around And one thought crystallizes like an icy blast I’m never going back The past is in the past
Let it go, let it go And I’ll rise like the break of dawn Let it go, let it go That perfect girl is gone
Here I stand in the light of day Let the storm rage on The cold never bothered me anyway!
Joseph English for Kids 